Bhimashankar Temple

The Bhimashankar Temple is a significant Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, situated in the village of Bhimashankar in the Pune district of Maharashtra, India. It is recognized as one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines, which are considered the most sacred abodes of Lord Shiva, and its Shiva lingam is one of the three Jyotirlingas found within Maharashtra. The temple is a vital pilgrimage center, drawing devotees from across the region and beyond.

History and Construction

The shrine and the Bhimarathi river are mentioned in historical writings dating back to the 13th century. The current structure of the temple, while appearing relatively new, is built upon foundations that suggest an older origin. The temple is predominantly constructed from black stone. The central hall (sabhamandap) and the dome (shikhara) underwent significant improvements in the 18th century, attributed to Nana Phadnavis. King Shivaji Maharaj also played a role in supporting the temple, endowing it to facilitate religious ceremonies. Additionally, Chimaji Appa, brother of Bajirao I, donated a large antique Portuguese bell to the temple in 1739, which was brought from Vasai fort after defeating the Portuguese.

Architecture and Legend

The Bhimashankar Temple is built in the Nagara architectural style, which is characteristic of northern India, and also exhibits similarities to the Hemadpanthi style common in the Deccan. The main shrine is believed to be built over a Swayambhu Shiva Linga. The garbhagriha (sanctum sanctorum) and antarala are constructed using indigenous stone in the Indo-Aryan architectural style. The pillars and door frames are adorned with intricate carvings of deities and human figures. The temple is associated with a legend where Lord Shiva assumed the form of "Bhīmā Shankara" to annihilate the demon Tripura. The sweat from Shiva's exertion after this battle is said to have formed the Bhimarathi river.

Vicinity and Associated Sites

The temple is located on a mountain, approximately 110 kilometers from Pune, within the Bhimashankar forest range. The vicinity is known for its rare plant and animal species. In addition to the main shrine, devotees can visit other nearby temples and shrines, including those dedicated to Siva Ganams, Shaakini, Daakini, and Kamalaja mata. A sacred bath in Mokshakund Tirtha, located behind the temple, is a customary practice before visiting the main deity. Other sacred ponds like Jnyankund and Sarvatirth are also nearby. The Bhima River originates from Kusharanya tirth, located to the south of the temple. A minor shrine for Lord Shani is also situated within the temple grounds, along with a statue of Nandi.