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Anqa

Pre-Islamic Arab mythology·Mythology·Arab·Fabulous bird

Anqa is a legendary golden female bird from pre-Islamic Arab mythology, known for her beauty, long neck, and enigmatic nature. Associated with the setting sun and appearing only once in ages, she is often identified with the phoenix and other mythical birds from neighboring cultures. The Anqa is notable for her extraordinary lifespan, unique diet, and her role in ancient tales concerning fate and wisdom.

Key Facts

  • Anqa is a fabulous golden female bird from pre-Islamic Arab mythology.
  • Her name, 'Anqa', derives from a word meaning 'long-necked'.
  • She is associated with the setting sun and is said to appear only once in ages.
  • The Anqa is often identified with the phoenix, simurgh, and griffin.
  • Descriptions include a human face, four pairs of wings, and a resemblance to all living beings.
  • She is said to have a lifespan of 1700 years and eats only elephants and large fish.
Anqa
Alternate Names

'Anqa', Anka, Anqa Mughrib, Anqa Al-Mughrib, ʿAnqāʾ, ʿAnqāʾ MuḡRib, ZüMrüDü Anka

Rank / role
Enigmatic creature, source of wisdom
Domains Of Influence

Fate, Wisdom, Enigma

Abilities Powers

Extraordinary Lifespan, Ability To Offer Admonitions and Moral Advice, Unique Diet of Elephants and Large Fish

Appearance Description
A golden, mysterious, and fabulous female bird with a long neck, human face, four pairs of wings, and a whiteness in its neck. She is said to have some resemblance with every living being.
Source Texts
  • Dala'Il Al-Nubwah
  • Aja'Ib Al-Makhluqat
  • Wafayat Al-AʼYan By Ibn Khallikan
  • LisāN Al-ʿArab By Ibn Manzur
  • Kitab Al-'Ayn By Al-Khalil Ibn Ahmad Al-Farahidi
Associated Figures

King Solomon

Moral Or Symbolic Associations

Calmity, Misfortune, Hardship

Cultural Variations

Identified With the Simurgh, Identified With Armenian and Byzantine Eagles, Identified With the Turkic Konrul, Identified With the Phoenix, Identified With the Griffin

Symbols

Gold, Long Neck, Setting Sun

Historical Period Prominence
Pre-Islamic era, attested in 9th-century texts

About Anqa

Anqa is a mythical golden female bird originating from pre-Islamic Arab mythology. She is renowned for her beauty, enigmatic nature, and her association with the setting sun. The name 'Anqa' itself, derived from the Arabic word for 'long-necked,' hints at her distinctive physical appearance, which is further described as having a human face and four pairs of wings, with a general resemblance to all living beings.

Characteristics and Lore

The Anqa is depicted as a creature that appears only once in ages, flying far away and possessing a lifespan of 1700 years. Legends state she consumes only elephants and large fish. Zakariya al-Qazwini, in his cosmological work 'The Wonders of Creation,' portrays the Anqa as kin to birds residing on Mount Qaf, a wise being who has accumulated experience over many ages and offers admonitions and moral advice. The word 'mughrib,' sometimes appended to her name, further emphasizes her strange, distant, and mysterious qualities.

Cultural Connections

Due to the spread of Islamic art following the fall of the Sasanian Empire, the Anqa is frequently identified with, or considered synonymous with, the simurgh of Persian mythology. She is also commonly equated with the phoenix and, in modern Standard Arabic, can be identified as a phoenix or a griffin. Her conceptual sphere overlaps with other large, mythical birds found in adjacent cultures, such as the Armenian and Byzantine eagles, and the Turkic Konrul, also known as Semrük.

Etymology and Meaning

Beyond her physical description, 'Anqa' is also linked to the Arabic word 'ʿanāq,' signifying misfortune or a hard affair. This association stems from tales where the bird, initially created with all perfections, became a plague or scourge, leading to her eventual demise. One of the earliest accounts of the Anqa is found in the 9th-century book 'Dala'il al-Nubwah,' where she is depicted conversing with King Solomon about fate and destiny, even objecting to certain convictions.

Source: Wikipedia ↗

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the Anqa?

The Anqa is a legendary golden female bird originating from pre-Islamic Arab mythology. She is depicted as a mysterious and beautiful creature with a long neck and human-like features.

What are the origins of the Anqa's name?

The name 'Anqa' is the feminine form of the Arabic word 'aʿnaq', which means 'long-necked'. This likely reflects her physical description or her association with long-necked birds like herons or raptors.

When does the Anqa appear?

The Anqa is said to fly far away and only appears once in ages. She is also associated with the place where the sun sets.

What are the Anqa's characteristics?

She is described as beautiful and colorful with a long neck and a human face, possessing four pairs of wings. The Anqa is also considered a wise bird with extensive experience, offering admonitions and moral advice.

What is the Anqa's diet?

According to legend, the Anqa eats nothing except elephants and large fish.

With which other mythical creatures is the Anqa identified?

The Anqa is frequently identified with the simurgh of Persian mythology, as well as Armenian and Byzantine eagles, and the Turkic Konrul. She is also almost always equated with the phoenix and in modern Arabic, identified as a phoenix or griffin.