Marid
A marid is a type of devil (shayṭān) in Islamic tradition, characterized by its rebellious nature. The term, derived from an Arabic root meaning "rebellious," is applied to powerful chthonic demons, often associated with attempting to eavesdrop on heavenly pronouncements or causing destruction. They are considered more malevolent than ordinary devils but less powerful than ʿifrīts, yet susceptible to manipulation.
Key Facts
- ›The name 'marid' is derived from the Arabic root 'M-r-D,' meaning 'rebellious' or 'recalcitrant.'
- ›Marids are described as powerful chthonic demons in Islamic tradition, akin to ʿifrīts.
- ›The Quran mentions 'rebellious devils' (shayṭān Mārid) in Surah As-Saffat (37:7) and Surah An-Nisa (4:117).
- ›They are believed to attempt to eavesdrop on angels in heaven to predict the future.
- ›According to some traditions, marids are less intellectually adept than ʿifrīts and can be manipulated by humans.
- ›In Egyptian tradition, marids are seen as a threat to humanity if not divinely restrained.
ShayṭāN MāRid, Rebellious Devil, Rebellious ShayṭāN, Rebellious Giants
Rebellion, Chaos, Demonic Temptation
Attempting To Eavesdrop On Angels, Moving Objects, Listening At the Doors of Heaven, Causing Destruction
- Quran
- Lisan Al-Arab
- Sirat Sayf Ibn Dhi-Yazan
- Ali Ibn Ibrahim Al-Qummi's Narration Attributed To Ali
- Ibn 'Abd Al-Barr's Al-TamhîD
- Al-Jahiz's Writings
ʿIfrīT, ShayṭāN, Angels, King Solomon, Prophet Khidr, King Sayf Ibn Dhi Yazan
Rebellion, Recalcitrance, Malevolence
- Mentioned In the Context of Warding Off Rebellious Devils and Safeguarding the Lowest Heaven.
Divine Restraint, Prophet Khidr
- Identified With Persian Devan.
- Theories Link the Term To Greek 'Mardaitai' and the Albanian Tribe of Mirdita, Though This Is Debated.
About Marid
What is a Marid?
A marid is a type of devil (shayṭān) prominent in Islamic tradition. The name itself is derived from an Arabic root signifying "rebellious" or "recalcitrant," reflecting a core characteristic of these supernatural beings. Marids are often described as powerful chthonic demons, sharing some similarities with the ʿifrīt, another class of formidable jinn.
Beliefs and Attestations
The Quran makes reference to "rebellious devils" (shayṭān mārid) in Surah As-Saffat and Surah An-Nisa, indicating their presence and malevolent association within Islamic scripture. Classical Arabic dictionaries like Lisan al-Arab and Hans Wehr's Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic define a marid as a "demon" or "giant." In Islamic lore, marids are often depicted as beings that attempt to ascend to the lowest heaven to eavesdrop on the pronouncements of angels, seeking to glean knowledge of the future.
Roles and Significance
According to some narrations, marids are considered more malevolent than ordinary devils but less powerful than ʿifrīts. They are also portrayed as being susceptible to manipulation by humans, a trait that distinguishes them from the more cunning ʿifrīts. The epic Sirat Sayf ibn Dhi-Yazan features a marid that King Sayf ibn Dhi Yazan must outwit to find Solomon's treasure. In Egyptian tradition, marids are viewed as a significant threat, with their unchained existence potentially leading to the annihilation of humankind, underscoring the concept of divine restraint as crucial for human survival.
Source: Wikipedia ↗
Frequently Asked Questions
What does the name 'marid' mean?
The name 'marid' comes from the Arabic root 'm-r-d,' which signifies 'rebellious' or 'recalcitrant.' This term is applied to a type of devil or supernatural being known for its defiant nature.
Where are marids mentioned in the Quran?
Marids are referenced in the Quran as 'rebellious devils' (shayṭān mārid) in Surah As-Saffat (37:7) and in Surah An-Nisa (4:117). These verses allude to their malevolent nature and association with opposition to divine will.
How do marids differ from ʿifrīts?
While both marids and ʿifrīts are powerful devils in Islamic tradition, they are distinguished by their disposition and intellectual capacity. ʿifrīts are often depicted as cunning and treacherous, whereas marids are considered less intellectually adept and more susceptible to human manipulation.
What is a marid's role or behavior?
Marids are known for their rebellious nature and their attempts to ascend to the heavens to eavesdrop on angels and glean information about the future. They are also seen as powerful chthonic demons that pose a threat to humanity.
Are marids considered a significant threat?
Yes, marids are considered a significant threat in Islamic tradition. Some traditions suggest that if unchained, they would annihilate humankind, highlighting the importance of divine restraint over these powerful demonic beings.
Related Demons
Zabaniyya
The Zabaniyya are the "Wardens of Hell" in Islamic tradition, a group of nineteen angels tasked with torturing sinners and carrying away the souls of the wicked. They are also identified as the "Angels of Punishment" and "Guardians of Hell." Despite their fearsome appearance and actions, they are considered ultimately subordinate to God, and their punishments are seen as just within Islamic theology.
Ifrit
The Ifrit is a powerful class of demon originating in Islamic tradition, often associated with the underworld and the spirits of the dead. These beings are typically depicted as formidable, chthonic entities formed from smoke and fire, capable of great harm but also sometimes bound to serve divine or human will. They are notable for their presence in Islamic scriptures, folklore, and later literary and popular culture.
Sut
In Islamic tradition, Sut is a devil, one of the offspring of Iblis, who is known for suggesting lies to humans. He is part of a group of demonic siblings, each associated with influencing a different psychological function to hinder human spiritual growth.