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Sasbahu Temple, Gwalior

North Indian Bhumija·11th century·India

The Sas Bahu Temples are an 11th-century complex of twin temples located in the Gwalior Fort, Madhya Pradesh, India. Built between 1090 and 1093 by King Mahipala of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty, these temples are dedicated to Aniruddha and Shiva. Primarily constructed from stone, the temples exhibit a sophisticated North Indian Bhumija architectural style, though they have suffered damage from historical invasions.

Key Facts

  • Built between 1090 and 1093 AD by King Mahipala of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty.
  • Dedicated to Aniruddha and Shiva.
  • The larger temple (Sas) was built for the king's wife, and the smaller one (Bahu) for his daughter-in-law.
  • Follows a triple-storeyed plan, a distinctive and sophisticated feature.
  • Exhibits North Indian Bhumija architectural style, characterized by miniature sikharas.
  • Features intricate carvings depicting Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism, as well as Krishna-leela scenes.
Sasbahu Temple, Gwalior
Deity Worshipped

Aniruddha, Shiva, Vishnu, Brahma, Saraswati

Significance
  • Architectural Example of the North Indian Bhumija Style
  • Historical Testament To the Kachchhapaghata Dynasty's Patronage
  • Religious Site Dedicated To Aniruddha and Shiva
Reigning Dynasty

Kachchhapaghata Dynasty

Materials Used

Stone

Founder Or Patron

King Mahipala

Famous Sculptures Or Murals
  • Vaishnavism, Shaivism and Shaktism Related Carvings
  • Krishna-Leela Scenes
  • Garuda Depiction

About Sasbahu Temple, Gwalior

Sas Bahu Temples, Gwalior

The Sas Bahu Temples, also known as the Sasa-Baku or Sas aur Bahu ke Mandir, are a pair of 11th-century Hindu temples located within the Gwalior Fort complex in Madhya Pradesh, India. Constructed between 1090 and 1093 by King Mahipala of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty, these twin temples are dedicated to Aniruddha and Shiva. The larger temple, known as 'Sas' (mother-in-law), was built for the king's wife, while the smaller temple, 'Bahu' (daughter-in-law), was constructed for his daughter-in-law, as indicated by an inscription.

These temples are notable for their sophisticated triple-storeyed architectural plan, a distinguishing feature of their time. The style aligns with the North Indian Bhumija school, characterized by its well-proportioned superstructures adorned with miniature sikharas. Although the towers and sanctums of the temples have been destroyed due to historical invasions and wars, their damaged carvings and architectural remnants, including entrance porches and mandapas, are still visible. The surviving structures showcase intricate carvings depicting themes from Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism, as well as scenes from Krishna's life, particularly on the larger Sas temple. The Bahu temple, though largely a shell, retains an ornate door frame and defaced wall reliefs.

The Sas Bahu Temples are an important example of medieval Indian temple architecture, reflecting both the religious devotion and the architectural sophistication of the Kachchhapaghata period. Despite their ruined state, they continue to attract visitors interested in history, art, and architecture.

Source: Wikipedia ↗

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the meaning of the name 'Sas Bahu Temples'?

The name 'Sas Bahu' translates to 'mother-in-law' and 'daughter-in-law' in Hindi. This appellation reflects the familial relationship between the two temples, symbolizing their togetherness and interdependence, with the larger temple often referred to as the 'Sas' (mother-in-law) and the smaller one as the 'Bahu' (daughter-in-law).

Who built the Sas Bahu Temples?

The Sas Bahu Temples were constructed by King Mahipala of the Kachchhapaghata dynasty. According to an inscription found in the larger temple, construction took place between 1090 and 1093.

What is the architectural style of the Sas Bahu Temples?

The temples are noted for their North Indian Bhumija style of architecture. Though the towers (prasada) are no longer extant, the triple-storeyed plan, cruciform foundation, and balconies suggest a design characterized by well-proportioned superstructures with regularly arranged miniature sikharas.

What deities are worshipped at the Sas Bahu Temples?

The Sas Bahu Temples are dedicated to Aniruddha, the grandson of Krishna, and Lord Shiva. The surviving carvings also depict deities and themes related to Vaishnavism, Shaivism, and Shaktism.

What condition are the Sas Bahu Temples in today?

The temples have suffered significant damage due to numerous invasions and wars over centuries, with their towers and sanctums largely destroyed. However, the architecture and damaged carvings, particularly on the surviving Sas temple, can still be appreciated.