Abdas of Susa

Abdas, also known by the names Abda, Abdias, and Audas, was a bishop of Susa in Iran. Socrates of Constantinople referred to him as "bishop of Persia." Abdas lived during the fourth century and is remembered for his steadfast Christian faith and his ultimate martyrdom under the orders of Shah Yazdegerd I.

Life and historical context

Born in the fourth century in Chaldor, Abdas received his early education in virtue from his Zoroastrian mother. Upon reaching adulthood, he was ordained a Christian priest. He founded a monastery and a school in his hometown, which flourished and grew to include approximately 60 teachers. His missionary efforts led to many conversions in Chaldan, which resulted in his arrest by the magi. Despite suffering humiliation, hunger, and pain in prison, Abdas remained committed to his Christian faith until his release. Following his release, he became the bishop of Susa.

Abdas was an associate of Maruthas of Martyropolis. Tradition suggests he assisted Maruthas in exorcising a demon from King Yazdegerd's son. However, Abdas's impetuosity reportedly strained relations between the Persian king and the Christian community. In approximately 419-420 CE, Abdas, in collaboration with a group of Christian priests and laymen, destroyed a Zoroastrian fire temple. This act led to them being summoned to court.

Major contributions and martyrdom

When questioned by Shah Yazdegerd I about the destruction of the fire temple, Abdas hesitated to answer. A priest in his entourage boldly replied that the temple was not a house of God and its fire not the "daughter of God." Demolishing fire temples was considered a demonstration of Christianity's triumph. Abdas ultimately refused the king's command to have the fire temple rebuilt, leading to his execution. His companions, including priests Hashu and Isaac, secretary Ephrem, hypodeacon Papa, laymen Daduk and Durdan, and his brother Papa, were also killed.