Goshavank
Goshavank is a 12th-13th century Armenian monastery located in the village of Gosh, Tavush Province, Armenia. Originally known as Nor Getik, it was rebuilt after an earthquake and subsequently renamed in honor of Mkhitar Gosh, a prominent statesman, scientist, and author who established a school there. The monastery is renowned for its well-preserved architecture and houses one of the world's finest examples of a khachkar.
Key Facts
- ›Rebuilt on the site of nor Getik after an earthquake in 1188.
- ›Founded a school by Mkhitar Gosh, which was attended by historian Kirakos Gandzaketsi.
- ›Features one of the world's finest examples of a khachkar, carved by Pavgos in 1291.
- ›Architectural styles include elements of Armenian medieval architecture, with intricate carvings.
- ›The complex includes churches, chapels, a gavit, and a unique two-story book depository with a bell tower.
- ›The monastery does not have outer walls and is surrounded by village homes.
Armenian Medieval Architecture
Khachkar By Pavgos, School Established By Mkhitar Gosh, Book Depository With Bell Tower, Intricate Stone Carvings
Nor Getik
Mkhitar Gosh, Kirakos Gandzaketsi, Mkhitar the Carpenter, Hovhannes, Pavgos
- Destruction of Nor Getik By Earthquake In 1188
- Rebuilding and Renaming of the Monastery After 1188
About Goshavank
Goshavank Monastery
Goshavank, meaning "Monastery of Gosh," is a significant 12th to 13th-century Armenian monastic complex situated in the village of Gosh in Armenia's Tavush Province. It stands as a testament to medieval Armenian architecture and intellectual life, having been rebuilt on the site of an older monastery, Nor Getik, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1188. The monastery's restoration and subsequent prominence are largely attributed to Mkhitar Gosh, a distinguished statesman, scientist, and author, who not only participated in its rebuilding but also established a vital school within its grounds.
History and Significance
The rebuilding of the monastery after the 1188 earthquake marked a new era for the site, which was eventually renamed Goshavank in honor of Mkhitar Gosh. This renaming also extended to the surrounding village. The school founded by Mkhitar Gosh at Goshavank became an important center of learning, producing notable figures such as the historian Kirakos Gandzaketsi. The monastery itself flourished during the 12th and 13th centuries, evidenced by the numerous religious and civil buildings that were constructed, reflecting a vibrant monastic community.
Architectural Ensemble
Goshvank is characterized by its interconnected buildings, lacking outer walls and instead being integrated with the surrounding village homes. The complex features several churches, including S. Astvatsatsin (built 1191–1196) and Grigor Lusavorich Church (started 1237, finished 1241), the latter known for its exceptionally intricate decorations. Other notable structures include multiple chapels, a gavit (narthex) attached to S. Astvatsatsin Church with a distinctive glkhatun-style roof, and a unique two-story book depository topped with a bell tower, completed in 1291. The monastery is also celebrated for housing one of the world's finest examples of a khachkar, a stone cross monument, carved by Pavgos in 1291, renowned for its delicate openwork ornamentation and intricate geometric and floral patterns.
Current Status
Goshavank has been preserved in relatively good condition, making it an important historical and cultural landmark. While the school building is now in ruins, the main monastic structures remain intact, offering visitors a glimpse into medieval Armenian religious and artistic achievements. The monastery is considered an active site, drawing visitors interested in its rich history, architectural beauty, and exceptional khachkars.
Source: Wikipedia ↗
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the history of Goshavank monastery?
Goshavank was erected on the site of an older monastery, Nor Getik, which was destroyed by an earthquake in 1188. Mkhitar Gosh was instrumental in its rebuilding and established a school there, leading to the complex being renamed in his honor.
What are the main architectural features of Goshavank?
The monastery showcases various Armenian architectural traditions, including domed churches and cross-winged domed buildings. Notable structures include the S. Astvatsatsin church, St. Gregory Church, and a distinctive two-story book depository with a bell tower. The buildings are characterized by intricate carvings, particularly on door portals, windows, and interior surfaces.
What is significant about the khachkars at Goshavank?
Goshavank houses one of the world's finest examples of a khachkar, created by the carver Pavgos. The 1291 khachkar is particularly intricate, featuring finely carved openwork ornaments in layers with geometric and floral patterns, and is considered a masterpiece of Armenian stone carving.
Was Goshavank an educational center?
Yes, Mkhitar Gosh founded a school at Goshavank. One of its notable alumni was Kirakos Gandzaketsi, who went on to write 'The History of Armenia', indicating the monastery's importance as an intellectual hub.
What is the current status of Goshavank?
Goshavank remains in relatively good condition and is a significant historical and architectural site. While the school building lies in ruins, the churches, chapels, and other structures are preserved, making it a key destination for understanding medieval Armenian monastic life and art.
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