Bangor Cathedral

Bangor Cathedral, known in Welsh as Eglwys Gadeiriol Bangor, stands as the cathedral church of Bangor in Gwynedd, Wales. It is dedicated to its founder, Saint Deiniol, and the site has a continuous history of Christian worship stretching back to the sixth century. The cathedral's present form is the result of centuries of development, destruction, and rebuilding, with significant contributions from various periods, including Norman, Gothic, and Victorian Gothic styles.

History and Development

The origins of Bangor Cathedral lie with the monastery established by Saint Deiniol around 530 AD. This monastic site was vulnerable to raids, leading to its eventual destruction and subsequent rebuilding. The earliest surviving part of the current structure dates from the episcopate of Bishop David between 1120 and 1139, a cruciform building in the Norman style. The cathedral has endured numerous adversities, including destruction by King John's army in 1211 and damage during Edward I's invasion of Gwynedd in 1282. Extensive rebuilding occurred in the late 13th and 14th centuries, with the nave being reconstructed in the late 14th century. A significant period of reconstruction took place from the late 15th century, culminating in the completion of the tower in 1532. The 19th century saw major restoration and alteration work, most notably under the supervision of George Gilbert Scott starting in 1868, which significantly shaped its appearance today.

Architectural Significance and Features

The cathedral exhibits a blend of architectural styles, reflecting its long and complex history. While its early phases were Norman, subsequent rebuilding and restoration introduced Gothic and later Victorian Gothic elements. Among its notable features is the "Mostyn Christ," a late 15th-century carved oak figure depicting Christ prior to the crucifixion. The grounds also contain a "Biblical Garden" planted with every species of plant mentioned in the Bible. The cathedral also houses several pieces of woodwork by Robert Thompson, including his characteristic carved mice. The building has also served practical modern purposes, such as functioning as a COVID-19 vaccination centre.

Notable Burials and Religious Life

Bangor Cathedral is the final resting place for several significant historical figures, including Gruffydd ap Cynan and Owain Gwynedd, Kings of Gwynedd, who were buried near the high altar. Many Bishops of Bangor are also interred within its walls. The cathedral continues to be an active centre of worship, catering to both Welsh and English-speaking congregations, offering bilingual services and Holy Communion in each language separately.